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ADSORPTION OF HEAVY METALS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS ONTO ACTIVATED CARBON PREPARED FROM SLUDGE OF FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY

Kalyani Mahapatra

Ph.D student, Dept. of Chemistry, RSTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, India

Dr. D. S. Ramteke

Scientist & Head, EIRA Division, NEERI, Nehru Marg, Nagpur 20, India

Dr. L. J. Paliwal

Head, Department of Chemistry, RSTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, India

49-67

Vol: 5, Issue: 4, 2015

Receiving Date: 2015-08-12 Acceptance Date:

2015-09-14

Publication Date:

2015-10-16

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Abstract

The presentwork deals with theapplication of activated carbon for removal of some toxic heavy metals from aqueous solutions. The activated carbon was first prepared from sludge of food processing industryby activating with ZnCl2 for animpregnation time of 20 hours and activation temperature of 300◦C for 75 min. The adsorption of Cu (II), Pb (II), and Cd(II) metal ions onto prepared product was studied and its capabilityto remove heavy metals from aqueous solutionswas assessed.Theadsorption capacity was determined as a function of pH, contact time, initial metal concentrations and adsorbent dosage by batch experiments. The optimum pH values for Cu (II), Cd (II), and Pb (II) ions were 7.0, 6.0 and 7.0 respectively, while the optimum adsorption time determined for all metals was 60 minutes.The adsorption isotherms were determined and compared with the Langmuir and Fruendlich models. The isotherm followed both the models with better correlation to Freundlich. The metal adsorption capacity for Cu (II), Pb (II) and Cd (II) was 5.030 mg g −1 , 4.498 mg g −1 and 6.320 mg g −1 respectivelyobserved by Langmuir and 0.993 mg g −1 , 1.275 mg g −1 and 0.132 mg g −1 respectively by Freundlichmodel. Theadsorption capacity of productwas also compared with commercial activated carbon. Two kinetic models were selected to follow the adsorption processesviz. pseudo-first-order and pseudo-secondorder equation. The adsorption of metal ions by the laterequation gave better correlation thanprevious one. The kinetic parameters of bothmodels were calculated and discussed.

Keywords: Activated Carbon; Adsorption; Environment; Food Processing; Heavy Metals; Kinetics

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