Abstract

CHARACTERIZATION AND FABRICATION OF PCBM:P3HT BHJ SOLAR CELLS

Dr.Dileep. P.

96-105

Vol: 4, Issue: 2, 2014

[6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester: poly (3-hexylthiophene) bulk heterojunction solar cells doped with germanium phthalocyanine or germanium naphthalocyanine were fabricated and characterized. Photovoltaic properties of the solar cells with inverted structures were investigated by optical absorption, current density-voltage characteristic and incident photon to current conversion efficiency. These germanium phthalocyanine and germanium naphthalocyanine blended as the third component absorbed light with wavelength longer than 700 nm. Morphology of solar cells was investigated by atomic force microscopy, and energy levels of the solar cells were discussed for power conversion efficiency.

Download PDF

    References

  1. M. Reyes-Reyes, K. Kim and D. L. Carroll, “High-Efficiency Photovoltaic Devices Based on Annealed Poly (3-Hexylthiophene) and 1-(3-Methoxycarbonyl)-propyl-1- phenyl-(6,6)C61 Blends,” Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 87, No. 8, 2005, 3p. doi:10.1063/1.2006986
  2. C. W. Tang, “Two-Layer Organic Photovoltaic Cell,” Ap- plied Physics Letters, Vol. 48, No. 2, 1986, pp. 183-185. doi:10.1063/1.96937
  3. P. Peumans, S. Uchida and S. R. Forrest, “Efficient Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cells Using Small-Molecular-Weight Organic Thin Films,” Nature, Vol. 425, No. 11, 2003, pp. 158-162. doi:10.1038/nature01949
  4. F. Padinger, R. S. Rittberger and N. S. Saruciftci, “Effect of Postproduction Treatment on Plastic Solar Cells,” Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 13, No. 1, 2003, pp. 85-88. doi:10.1002/adfm.200390011
  5. W. Ma, C. Yang, X. Gong, K. Lee and A. J. Heeger, “Thermally Stable, Efficient Polymer Solar Cells with Nanoscale Control of the Interpenetrating Network Morphology,” Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 15, No. 10, 2005, pp. 1617-1622. doi:10.1002/adfm.200500211
  6. J. A. Hauch, P. Schilinsky, S. A. Choulis, R. Childers, M. Biele and C. J. Brabec, “Flexible Organic P3HT:PCBM Bulk-Heterojunction Modules with More than 1 Year Outdoor Lifetime,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 92, No. 7, 2008, pp. 727-731. doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2008.01.004
  7. P. Peumans and S. R. Forrest, “Very-High-Efficiency Double-Heterostructure Copper Phthalocyanine/C60 Photovoltaic Cells,” Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 79, No. 1, 2001, pp. 126-128. doi:10.1063/1.1384001
  8. L. Li, Q. Tang, H. Li, W. Hu, X. Yang, Z. Shuai, Y. Liu and D. Zhu, “Organic Thin-Film Transistors of Phthalocyanines,” Pure and Applied Chemistry, Vol. 80, No. 11, 2008, pp. 2231-2240. doi:10.1351/pac200880112231
  9. N. M. Bamsey, A. P. Yuen, A. M. Hor, R. Klenkler, J. S. Preston and R. O. Loutfy, “Integration of an M-Phthalocyanine Layer into Solution-Processed Organic Photo- voltaic Cells for Improved Spectral Coverage,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 95, 2008, pp. 1970- 1973. doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2011.01.042
  10. N. M. Bamsey, A. P. Yuen, A. M. Hor, R. Klenkler, J. S. Preston and R. O. Loutfy, “Heteromorphic Chloroindium Phthalocyanine Films for Improved Photovoltaic Performance,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 95, No. 5, 2011, pp. 2937-2940. doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2011.06.006
  11. D. Y. Kim, F. So and Y. Gao, “Aluminum Phthalocyaninechloride/C60 Organic Photovoltaic Cells with High Open-Circuit Voltages,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 93, No. 9, 2009, pp. 1688-1691. doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2009.04.003
  12. Y. C. Huang, Y. C. Liao, S. S. Li, M. C. Wu, C. W. Chen and W. F. Su, “Study of the Effect of Annealing Process on the Performance of P3HT/PCBM Photovoltaic De- vices Using Scanning-Probe Microscopy,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 93, No. 6-7, 2009, pp. 888-892. doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2008.10.027
  13. S. H. Jin, B. V. K. Naidu, H. S. Jeon, S. M. Park, J. S. Park, S. C. Kim, J. W. Lee and Y. S. Gal, “Optimization of Process Parameters for High-Efficiency Polymer Photovoltaic Devices Base on P3HT:PCBM System,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 91, No. 13, 2007, pp. 1187-1193. doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2007.04.001
  14. W. H. Baek, H. Yang, T. S. Yoon, C. J. Kang, H. H. Lee and Y. S. Kim, “Effect of P3HT:PCBM Concentration in Solvent on Performances of Organic Solar Cells,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 93, No. 8, 2009, pp. 1263-1267. doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2009.01.019
  15. G. Li, V. Shrotriya, Y. Yao and Y. Yang, “Investigation of Annealing Effects and Film Thickness Dependence of Polymer Solar Cells Based on Poly(3-Hexylthiophene),” Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 98, No. 4, 2005, Article ID: 043704. doi:10.1063/1.2008386
  16. T. Oku, A. Takeda, A. Nagata, T. Noma, A. Suzuki and K. Kikuchi, “Fabrication and Characterization of Fullerene- Based Bulk Heterojunction Solar CELLS with Porphyrin, CuInS2, Diamond and Exciton-Diffusion Blocking Lay- er,” Energies, Vol. 3, No. 4, 2010, pp. 671-685. doi:10.3390/en3040671
  17. T. Oku, T. Noma, A. Suzuki, K. Kikuchi and S. Kikuchi, “Fabrication and Characterization of Fullerene/Porphyrin Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells,” Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, Vol. 71, No. 4, 2010, pp. 551-555. doi:10.1016/j.jpcs.2009.12.034
  18. T. Oku, S. Nagaoka, A. Suzuki, K. Kikuchi, Y. Hayashi, H. Inukai, H. Sakuragi and T. Soga, “Formation and Characterization of Polymer/Fullerene Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells,” Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, Vol. 69, No. 5-6, 2008, pp. 1276-1279. doi:10.1016/j.jpcs.2007.10.117
  19. T. Oku, A. Takeda, A. Nagata, H. Kidowaki, K. Kumada, K. Fujimoto, A. Suzuki, T. Akiyama, Y. Yamasaki and E. Ōsawa, “Microstructures and Photovoltaic Properties of C60 Based Solar Cells with Copper Oxide, CuInS2, Phthalocyanine, Porphyrin, PVK, Nanodiamond, Germanium and Exciton Diffusion Blocking Layers,” Material Technology, Vol. 28, No. 1-2, 2013, pp. 21-39. doi:10.1179/1753555712Y.0000000042
  20. K. Yoshida, T. Oku, A. Suzuki, T. Akiyama and Y. Yamasaki, “Fabrication and Characterization of Phthalocyanine/C60 Solar Cells with Inverted Structure,” Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science, Vol. 2, No. 4, 2012, pp. 461-464. doi:10.4236/aces.2012.24056
Back

Disclaimer: All papers published in IJRST will be indexed on Google Search Engine as per their policy.

We are one of the best in the field of watches and we take care of the needs of our customers and produce replica watches of very good quality as per their demands.

alexistogel toto online

bandar alexistogel

alexistogel bandar gacor

alexistogel link

alexistogel online

alexistogel bandar togel

link alternatif alexistogel

alexistogel

alexistogel

alexistogel

alexistogel daftar

alexistogel toto macau

alexistogel bandar macau

alexistogel slot

alexistogel agen slot

situs alexistogel

alexistogel

alexistogel

alexistogel

alexistogel

alexistogel bandar slot

alexistogel

Alexistogel Toto Macau

bandar alexistogel

slot alexistogel

alexistogel bandar togel

alexistogel

alexistogel slot

alexistogel

daftar alexistogel

alexistogel online

rtp alexistogel

alexistogel slot

alexistogel gacor

link alternatif alexistogel

alexistogel login

alexistogel

alexistogel slot dana

agen togel online

bandar togel online

alexistogel rtp

alexistogel slot

alexistogel daftar

slot online dana

situs slot online

alexistogel

bandar togel online

slot online terpercaya

togel slot online

agen slot online gacor

rtp live slot online

bandar slot online

bandar slot online gacor

agen slot online

daftar bandar togel slot

bandar togel online

togel slot hari ini

link alternatif togel slot

rtp slot online gacor

slot online gacor

alexistogel terpercaya

rtp slot gacor

slot online gacor

tips slot maxwin

togel slot gacor

prediksi togel

game slot gacor

trik slot online

prediksi togel jitu

game slot online

togel online terpercaya

daftar togel slot online

bandar togel terpercaya

slot online gacor

trik slot bonus

prediksi togel online

rtp slot online

panduan togel online

prediksi togel

RTP LIVE

Bandar Toto Macau

Situs Slot Gacor

bandarbola855 resmi

bandarbola855 gacor

bandarbola855 slot

link bandarbola855

bandarbola855 rtp

bandarbola855 link

bandarbola855 bandar

bandarbola855

bandarbola855 slot

bandarbola855 terpercaya

bandarbola855 slot

bandarbola855 daftar

bandarbola855 link

bandarbola855

bandarbola855

bandarbola855

iosbet

iosbet

link iosbet

slot online iosbet

iosbet link login

slot iosbet

iosbet gacor

iosbet

slot iosbet

agen iosbet

bandar iosbet

iosbet

iosbet link

iosbet

iosbet

iosbet

iosbet

liatogel

login liatogel

liatogel totomacau