Capsicum seedlings are highly susceptible to a number of viral, bacterial, fungal and pest
diseases during nursery stage and after transplanting into field. Keeping in view the above information,
the aim of the present investigation was to select the efficient AM fungi for their use in nurseries as
biocontrol agent against the fusarium wilt of Capsicum annuum. After 50 days, it was observed that all
the treated plant showed less disease incidence as compared to control. The quadruple inoculation i.e. G.
mosseae + A. laevis + T. harzianum + F. oxysporum showed the maximum shoot height, root length fresh
and dry shoot biomass and fresh root biomass as compared to all treated and control plants. Percent
mycorrhizal root colonization and spore number was found to be maximum in double inoculated plants of
A. laevis + F. oxysporum. But all the leaves of the control plants was showed the yellowing and wilt but
in treated plant leaves was yellowish green.
Download PDF
References
- Abada, K.A., 1994. Fungi causing damping off and root rot on sugar-beet and their biologicalcontrol with Trichodema harzianum. Agri. Ecosyst. Env., 51(3): 333-337.
- Abbott, L.K. and Robson, A.D. 1991. Factor influencing the occurrence of vesicular - arbuscularmycorrhizae. Agri. Ecosyst. Env., 35: 121-150.
- Adholeya, A. and Gaur, A. 1994. Estimation of VAM fungal spores in soil. Mycorhiza News, 6(1): 10-11.
- Afek, U., Menge, J.A. and Johnson, E.L.V. 1991. Interaction among mycorrhizae, soil solarization, metalaxyl and plants in the field. Plant Dis., 75: 665-671.
- Aggarwal, A., Parkash, V., Sharma, D. and Shama, S. 2004. Ethnobotanical studies on somewild plants of lower hills of Himachal Pradesh. Applied Botanical Abstracts, 24(2): 135- 146.
- Aggarwal, A., Parkash, V., Sharma, D. and Sharma, S. 2005. Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) aids in growth of Prosopis juliflora and Tecomella undulata in arid/semi arid climate. J. Mycol Pl. Pathol., 35(1): 184-187.
- Aguilera-Gomez, L., Davis, F.T., Olalde-Portugal, V., Duray, S.A. and Phavaphutanon, L. 1999. Influence of Phosphorus and Endomycorrhiza (Glomus Intraradices) on gas exchange and plant growth of Chile ancho pepper (Capsicum annuum L. Cv. San Luis). Photosynthetica, 36: 441-449.
- Al-Garni, S.M.S. 2006. Increased heavy metal tolerance of cowpea plants by dual inoculation of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixer Rhizobium bacterium. African J. Mycol. and Biotech., 5(2): 139-142.
- Al-Momany, A. and Al-Radded, A. 1988. Effect of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal on fusarium wilt of tomato and pepper. Alexandria J. Agri. Res., 33: 249-261.
- Al-Raddad, A. 1995. Mass production of Glomus mosseae spores. Mycorrhiza, 5 : 229-237. Ames, R.N. and Schneider, R.W. 1979. Entrophospora a genus in the Endogonaceae. Mycotaxon, 8 : 347-352.
- Ames, R.N., Reid, C.P.P., Porter, K.K. and Cambardella, C. 1983. Hyphal uptake and transport of nitrogen from two 15 N-labelled sources by Glomus mosseae, a vesiculararbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. New Phytol., 95: 381-396.
- Anandaraj, M. 2007. Mycorrhiza for growth enhancement and pathogen suppression in epper.In: The Mycorrhizae: Diversity, Ecology and Applications, (Eds.), Tiwari, M. and Sati, S.C., Daya Pub. House, Delhi, pp. 349-356.94
- Ananthakrishnan, G., Ravikumar, R., Girija, S. and Ganapathi, A. 2004. Selection of efficient arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of cashew and their application in the cashew nursery. Scientia Horticulaturae,2(1-4): 369-375.
- Arrigada, C.A., Herrera, M.A., Garcia-Romera, I. and Ocampo, J.A. 2004. Tolerance to Cd of soybean and Eucalyptus inoculated with AM and saprobe fungi. Symbiosis, 36: 285-299.
- Auge, R.M., Schekel, K.A. and Wample, R.L. 1987a. Rose leaf elasticity changes in response to mycorrhizal colonization and drought acclimatization. Plant Physiol., 70: 175- 182.
- Auge, R.M., Schekel, K.A. and Wample, R.L. 1987b. Leaf water and carbohydrate status of VA mycorrhizal rose exposed to drought stress. Plant and Soil, 99: 291-302.
- Azcon-Aguilar, C. and Barea, J.M., 1996. Arbuscular mycorrhizas and biocontrol of soilborne plant pathogens, an overview of the biological mechanism involved. Mycorrhiza, 6: 457- 464.
- Azcon-G de Aguilar, C., Azcon, R. and Barea, J.M. 1979. Endomycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium as biological fertilizers for Medicago sativa in normal cultivation. Nature 279: 325- 326.
- Bajwa, R. and Read, D.J. 1985. The biology of mycorrhiza in the Ericaeae: The peptides as nitrogen sources of the ericoid endophyte and for mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizalplants. New Phytol., 101: 459-467.
- Bajwa, R., Afzal, B. and Javaid, A. 2000. Allelopathy and VA mycorrhiza VI : Comparative effectiveness of Glomus mosseae and G. fasciculatum in improving crop growth and yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under allelopathy stress. Pakistan J. Bio. Sci., 3(3) :485-487.
- Bali, M. and Mukerji, K.G. 1988. Effect of VAM fungi on Fusarium wilt of cotton and jute. In: Mycorrhizae for Green Asia. (Eds.) Mahadeavan, A., Raman N. and Natrajan, K. Madras University, Madras, pp. 233-234.
- Barea, J.M. 1991. Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae as modifiers of soil fertility. Adv. Soil. Sci., 15: 1-40.
- Barrow, J.R., Havstad, K.M. and McCaslin, B.D. 1997. Fungal root endophytes in fourwing saltbush, Atriplex canescens, on arid rangelands of southwestern USA. Arid Soil Res. Rehabil, 11: 177-185.
- Berkeley, M.J. and Broome, C.E. 1875. Enumeration of the fungi of Ceylon. J. Linn. Soc., 14 :129-140.
- Bethlenfalvay, G.J. and Linderman, R.G. 1992. Mycorrhizae in sustainable agriculture. Madison,Wiscon. Amer. Soc. Agron. (Spl. Publication), pp. 54.
Back