Artificial Intelligence comes about through a similar accretion of working algorithms, with the researchers having no deep understanding of how the combined system works. General intelligence is a between-species difference, a complex adaptation, and a human universal found in all known cultures. Artificial Intelligence is symmetrical around potential good impacts and potential bad impacts. That is why the title of this chapter is "Artificial Intelligence as a Positive and Negative Factor in Global Risk", not "Global Risks of Artificial Intelligence."

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