Abstract

EFFICACY OF VERMIWASH-SMEARED MULBERRY LEAVES ON COCOON CHARACTERS OF MULTIVOLTINE HYBRID MULBERRY SILKWORM BOMBYX MORI L: KOLAR GOLD (K.G) RACE

Yatheesh K Rawgol, Priyadarshini P Maddi, Venugopal Sharma, Radha D Kale

049-070

Vol: 1, Issue: 3, 2011

The effect of vermiwash and vermicompost in augmenting the growth process in a variety of plants is amply documented. Biological role of feed supplements like semi-synthetic diets and mulberry grown through vermicompost administration on the growth and cocoon characters of silkwormsis also equally well known. In the present investigation, the effect of fresh and two week old vermiwash of two epigeic earthworms Eudrilus eugeniae and Perionyx sp. on the cocoon characters of the mulberry silkworm, multivoltine hybrid Kolar Gold race was studied. Mulberry leaves were collected from a field where different treatments were given to the existing three year old mulberry crop. The treatments to mulberry plants included spot application of 1 and 2kg. Vermicompost, 30g NPK (300N: 120P: 120K) and Farm yard Manure (1kg) respectively. One set of the plants were sprayed with vermicompost extract (1kg. fresh vermicompost suspended in ten litres of fresh water and left for 72h. before decanting to use as spray), one more set of plants received vermicompost brew (1kg. vermicompost was treated with water at 1000C and slowly filtered through a fine gauze to get the brew to use as spray to plants) and finally spraying of water to third set served as control. The leaves collected from these treatments were used as feed to different batches of silkworms of fourth instar immediately after the third molt. The silkworms were divided into two groups and one was fed with the leaves collected from the plants exposed to different treatments smeared with vermiwash [1kg. earthworms were immersed in one liter luke warm water for 30 sec. in a tray and later transferred to another tray containing water at room temperature (26 to 280C) before releasing them back in to bins. The fluid in both the trays were mixed and this served as vermiwash] and the other group was fed on the leaves without smearing with vermiwash (untreated leaves). The parameters recorded included weights of larvae, silk glands, cocoons, shell and floss. Vermiwash- smeared mulberry leaves grown with vermicompost and sprayed with brew showed significant influence on the cocoon characters when compared to other treatment.

Download PDF

    References

  1. Abdullah,A.A., Kumar,S.,2010. Effect of vermiwash and vermicompost on soil parameters and productivity of okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus ) in Guyana . Afr. J. of Agri. Res., 5 (14), 1794-1798.
  2. Akhtar, M.,Asghar,A.,1972. Nutritional requirement of silkworm Bombyx mori L. Pakis. J. Zool. 4 , 10 1-107
  3. Barman , A .C., Pasha , K. 1985. A preliminary study on the effect of some antibiotic on silkworm Bombyx mori L. Nucl. Sci. and Appli. 16 , 157- 158.
  4. Central Silk Board 2003. A user’s guide farm and Industry sectors, Bangalore.
  5. Dadd ,R.H., 1970. Digestion in Insects in Chemical Zoology ( Florkin M. & Scheer B. T. eds) Academic press, New Yark, 5, 117-145.
  6. Edwards .,C.A., 1998. The use of Earthworms in the Breakdown and Management of organic wastes .In : Earthworm Ecology,Edwards , C.A.(Ed.) CRC press LLC, Boca Raton, Fl , 327-354.
  7. Faruki S.I., 1998. Nutritive effects of thianomin enriched mulberry leaves on the silkworm Bombyx mori L. Univ. J. Zool. 17, 39-44.
  8. Gutirrez-Miceli, F.A., Garcia-gomez,R.C., Rosales, R.R., Abud-Archila,M., Angela, O.L. M.m Cruz, M.J.G , Dendooven, L., 2008. Formulation of liquid fertilizer for sorghum (sorghum bicolor (L.) Monench) using vermicompost leachate. Bioresour. Technol., 99, 6174- 6180.
  9. El-Karaksy., I.A., Idriss, M., 2009. Ascorbic acid enhances the silk yield of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori L., J. Appli. Ent. 109 (1-5) , 81-86.
  10. Gorakh,N., Keshav, S., Singh, D.K., 2009.Chemical analyais of vermicompost / vermiwash of different combinationa of animal , agro and kitchen wastes . Aus. J. Bas. & Appl. Sci. 3(4), 3672- 3676.
  11. Horie ,Y., Ito, T., 1963. Vitamin requirements of the silkworm. Nature . 197, 98-99.
  12. Horie ,Y., Watanabe,H., Ito,T., 1966. Nutrition of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. – XIV Futher studies on the requirements for vitamins . Bull. Seric. Exp.Sta., Tokyo. 20, 393-409.
  13. Ingham ,E., 2005. The Compost Tea Brewing Manual ; Latest methods and research soil Food web, Corvallis.
  14. Intan, A., Sinta, P., Susi , D., Ramadhani, P., 2009. The effect of thyroxin on silk gland and the effect of two thyroxine – treated mulberry species feeding on silk quality in the silkworm Bombyx mori L. Afri. J. Biotech. ,8 (11), 2636- 2639
  15. Ismail, S.A.,1997 . Vermitechnology- the Biology of Earthworms, Orient Longman , India, 192
  16. Ito,T., Arai,N.,1964. Bull. Sericultural experimental Station., 19, 345.
  17. Ito, T., 1978. Silkworm Nutrition ; in the silkworm an important Laboratory tool. Tazima, Y(Ed) Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo, 121-157.
  18. Jadhav, S.N., Patil, G.M., Kulkarni , B.S, Patil R. K., Shivprasadh,M., 1998, Growth and yield attributes of mulberry (S41) as influenced by insitu vermiculture technique Advances –in Agricultural Research – in –India 9 : 119-125.
  19. Kale, R.D., 2006. Vermicompost –Crown Jewel of Organic Farming . Bangalore. 20-21.
  20. Kashyap, S., Sharma, S., Vasudevan , P., 2004. Role of bionoculants in development of salt resistant sapling of Morus alba( in vivo).Sci. Hor., 100, 291-307.
  21. Kanafi, R.R., Edabi, R., Mirhosseini,S.Z., Seidavi, R.R., Zolfaghari, Etabari, K., 2007. A review on nutritive effect of mulberry leaves enrichment with vitamins on economic traits and biological parameters of silkworm Bombyx mori L. Inv. Sur. J. 4, 86-91.
  22. Karuna ,K., Patil , C.R., Narayana swamy, P., Kale R.D., 1999. Stimulatory effect of earthworm body fluid (vermiwash) on crinkle red variety of Anturium andreanum Lind. Crop Res.,17, 253-257
  23. Khaing N. S., Aye, A. K., Khin, S.A., Zaw, K. O., 2008. Inter. Confe. On Sus. Dev. : Iss. & Pros. For the GMS. , GMSARN , 1-3.
  24. Khan,A.R., Saha,B.N., 2007a. Nutrition of the mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori on feed supplemented with calcium lactatae. J.Ecobiol. 9, 53-58.
  25. Kumararaj,S., Vijayaraghavan, S., Krishnaswami,S. 1972. Studies on Fortification of mulberry leaves for feeding silkworms. Indian J. Seric., 11, 68-72.
  26. Legay J.M., 1958. Recent advances in silkworm nutrition .Ann.Rev.Ent. 3, 75-86.
  27. Murali, G., Alka, G., Palaniswami,C., Dhanapal, R., George,V.T., 2010. Coconut vermiwash : a bioliquid from coconut leaf vermicompost for improving the crop production capacities of soil. Cur.Sci. 98 (9),1202-1210
  28. Murarkar,S.R., Tayade,A.S., Bodhade, S.N., Ulemale,R.B.,1998. Effect of vermicompost on mulberry leaf yield. Journal of soils and Crops. 8(1), 85-87.
  29. NBSS., 1998. Soils of Karnataka for Optimising Land use . Nation. Bur. Soi. Sur. Publi.47. 53-55
  30. Rama Rao , D. M., Kodandaramaiah, J., Reddy, M. P., Katiya, R. S., Rahmathulla , V. K., 2007. Effect of VAM fungi and bacterial biofertilizer on mulberry leaf quality and silkworm cocoon characters under semiarid conditions . Caspian J. Env. Sci. 5(2) , 111-117.
  31. Reddy, B.K., Rao, D.M.R., Reddy,D.C., Suryanarayana ,N., 2003. Studies on the effect of farm yard manure and vermicompost on quantitative and qualitative characters of mulberry (Morus sp.) under semi-arid conditions of Andhra Pradesh. Advances –in-Plant-Sciences 16(1), 177- 182.
  32. Reddy , M.P., Ram Rao, D. M., Katiyar, R. S., Suryanarayan, N., 2000 . Economisation of N and P fertilizer through dual inoculation of VAM and Bacterial biofertilizers in farmers field of Andhra Pradesh. Proce.of the Natio. Conf. on Stra. For Seri. Res. And dev., 16-18 Adv. In Indian seri. Res. 212-215.
  33. Rawgol, Y.K., Maddi, P.P., Sharma, V., Kale , R.D., 2010. Stimulatory effects of vermicompost extract and vermicompost brew on the growth of the mulberry plant Morus alba (V1). e-J. of Curr.bio., (In press).
  34. Seki,K., Oshikane,K.,1959. Res.reports. Fac.Textile and Sericulture , Shinshu University.
  35. Senugupta, K., Singh B.D., Mustafi, J.C., 1972. Nutrition of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. I studies on enrichment of mulberry leaf with various sugars, proteins, amino acids and vitamins for vigorous growth of worms andincreased cocoon crop production .Indian J. seric. 11 , 11-19.
  36. Sheebha, A., Thilsath F.Q. M., Sam, M,D. S., Ramani Bai, M., 2008 . effect of prophylactic antibiotic treatment on the growth and cocoon characteristics of Bombyx mori L. J. Bas. & App. 2 (1), 219-22.
  37. Shobha, S.V., Kale, R.D., 2006. Antimicrobial potency of Eudrilus eugeniae extract on certain plant pathogens. 7th Inter. Sym.on Earth. Eco. , Krakow, Poland .
  38. Singh ,K.K., 1997. Some haemotological and other studies in the silkworm Bombyx mori L. during the course of a viral disease. Thesis for Doctorate in Zoology, Karnataka University, Dharwad
  39. Singhvi, N.R., Sarkar, A., Datta, R. K., 2002. Effect of seriboost on yield attributes , yield of mulberry and some commercial characters of silkworms. Seri. J. 42, 407-423.
  40. Singh, K.K., Chauhan, R.M., Pande, A.B., Gokhale, S.B., Hegde, N. G., 2005. Effect of use of Lactobacillus plantarum as Probiotic to improve cocoon production of mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. J. Bas. And Appl. Sci. 1, 1-8.
  41. Slansky, K. Jr., Sacriber , J. H., 1985. Food consumption and utilization in Comprehensive Insect Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology. (Eds. Kerkett G.A., Gilbert L.) I., Pergamon press, New York, 4, 87-163
  42. Sundar Raj, S., Chinna Swamy, K. P., Neelu Nagaraj, 2000. Soya been to boost cocoon production ;Indian silk. 11- 13.
  43. Tazima, Y., 1978. The Silkworm :an important laboratory tool. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo, 88-92.
  44. Thangavel, P., Balagurunanthan, R., Divakaran, J., Prabhakaran , J., 2003. Effect of vermiwah and vermicast extract on soil nutrients, growth and yield of paddy. Adv.plant. Sci. 16, 187-190.
  45. Umakanth , C.G., Bagyaraj, D.J., 1998. Response of mulberry sapling to inoculation with VA mycorrhijal fungi and Azatobacter, Ser. 38, 669-675.
  46. Venkataramana,P. Srinivasa Rao, T.V.S., Srinivasula Reddy, P. Suryanarayana , N., 2003. Effect of spirulina on the larval and cocoon characters of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. L. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. India, 73, B(1), 89-94
  47. Venkatesh K. R., Dhiraj K., Ashutosh, K., Dhami, S.S., 2009. Effect of blue green micro algal (spirulina) on cocoon qualitative parameters of silkworm ( Bombyx mori L.). ARPN J. Agr. & Bio. Sci., 4 (3), 50-53.
  48. Washimkar,S.V., Shinde,P.H., Raut, M.M., Wandle,R.M., Rhaisare,B.S., 2005. Effect of vermicompost on the contents of nutrients and yield of mulberry grown on vertisol Journal of Soils and Crops 15(1), 144-149.
  49. Zaller, J.G., 2006. Foliar spray of vermicompost extracts: effects on fruit quality and indication of late –blight suppression on field grown tomatoes. Biol. Agric. Hortic.24, 165-18
Back

Disclaimer: All papers published in IJRST will be indexed on Google Search Engine as per their policy.

We are one of the best in the field of watches and we take care of the needs of our customers and produce replica watches of very good quality as per their demands.

alexistogel toto online

bandar alexistogel

alexistogel bandar gacor

alexistogel link

alexistogel online

alexistogel bandar togel

link alternatif alexistogel

alexistogel

alexistogel

alexistogel

alexistogel daftar

alexistogel toto macau

alexistogel bandar macau

alexistogel slot

alexistogel agen slot

alexistogel

situs alexistogel

alexistogel

alexistogel slot

alexistogel

alexistogel

alexistogel

alexistogel bandar slot

alexistogel

Alexistogel Toto Macau

alexistogel

bandar alexistogel

alexistogel slot

alexistogel link alternatif

alexistogel macau

alexistogel

alexistogel toto macau

slot alexistogel

alexistogel bandar togel

alexistogel

alexistogel rtp

alexistogel

alexistogel slot

alexistogel

alexistogel

alexistogel

alexistogel terpercaya

daftar alexistogel

alexistogel online

rtp alexistogel

alexistogel slot

alexistogel gacor

link alternatif alexistogel

alexistogel login

alexistogel

alexistogel slot dana

agen togel online

bandar togel online

alexistogel rtp

alexistogel slot

alexistogel daftar

alexistogel daftar

slot online dana

bandar togel slot

togel online terpercaya

slot pragmatic gacor

link situs slot resmi

situs slot online

link daftar togel slot

bandar slot gacor hari ini

bocoran pola slot

situs slot online

bandar slot online

bandar togel online

slot online terpercaya

togel slot online

slot deposit qris

agen slot online gacor

rtp live slot online

bandar slot online

bandar slot online gacor

agen slot online

daftar bandar togel slot

bandar togel online

togel slot hari ini

link alternatif togel slot

rtp slot online gacor

slot online gacor

situs slot gacor

rtp slot gacor

slot online gacor

tips slot maxwin

togel slot gacor

prediksi togel

game slot gacor

trik slot online

prediksi togel jitu

game slot online

togel online terpercaya

daftar togel slot online

bandar togel terpercaya

slot online gacor

trik slot bonus

prediksi togel online

rtp slot online

panduan togel online

RTP LIVE

Bandar Toto Macau

Situs Slot Gacor

bandarbola855 resmi

bandarbola855 gacor

bandarbola855 slot

link bandarbola855

bandarbola855 bola slot

bandarbola855 rtp

bandarbola855 slot online

bandarbola855 link

bandarbola855 bandar

bandarbola855 slot terpercaya

bandarbola855

bandarbola855 slot

bandarbola855 terpercaya

bandarbola855 online

slot bandarbola855

bandarbola855 slot

bandarbola855 daftar

bandarbola855 link

bandarbola855

bandarbola855

bandarbola855

bandarbola855 slot

bandarbola855

bandarbola855 rtp

bandarbola855

bandarbola855

bandarbola855

iosbet

iosbet

link iosbet

slot online iosbet

iosbet link login

slot iosbet

iosbet gacor

iosbet slot

iosbet

slot iosbet

agen iosbet

bandar iosbet

iosbet

iosbet link

bandar iosbet gacor

iosbet

iosbet

iosbet

iosbet

liatogel

bandar liatogel

login liatogel

live draw hk liatogel

liatogel slot online gacor

liatogel totomacau

liatogel link

slot gacor

daftar slot online

bandar slot dana

slot ovo

slot gopay